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Menawa

Menawa


Menawa, Creek Warrier Chief


Menawa was a chief of the upper Creeks in the Creek war of 1813-14. Before the American Revolution the Creeks were untroubled by whites in their huge inland confederation. After the war southerers began moving into their land and the Creeks split into pro and anti American groups. The anti American group was called the Red Sticks because they carried red painted sticks into battle a custom left by Tecumsehs followers to help in battle. The Red Sticks joined the British in the Revolutionary war.


The Lower Creeks, Cherokees and Choctaws helped the Americans led by Andrew Jackson and almost wiped out the anti American Upper Creeks led by Menawa at Horsehoe Bend. Menawa was shot seven times and lived to crawl away from the battlefield. The Lower Creeks who helped Jackson were forced to cede eight million acres of the Creek nation to the US. The recovered Menawa was forced to surrender and was relocated with his tribe to Oklahoma in 1836. The surviving Red Sticks dispersed and many joined the Seminoles in Florida. By 1830 they were again at war with the US along with the Seminoles and Osceola.

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